June 29, 2009

温泉街のジレンマ

都会の人は手付かずの自然を見て心と体の疲れを癒したいと考えて温泉地や保養地などを訪れる。例えばイタリアのトスカーナなどではこの欲求はどんぴしゃで満たされるのだが、日本の田舎を訪れると街道沿いを埋め尽くす温泉宿や牧場のうら寂れた看板にゲンナリさせられることになる。

なぜこういうことが起こってしかも是正されないのか?

ここには一種のナッシュ均衡が働いている。

街道沿いに何も無かった時代に初めて掲出された看板はそれなりに効果を発揮しただろう。そして他の旅館や牧場がそれを見て同じように看板を掲出しようと判断したのもごく合理的だ。そしてそれを繰り返すうちにだんだんと街道は看板で埋め尽くされるようになる。

看板の数が増えてくるとアテンションのシェアは減るため、目立つことを狙って表現はドギツく、文字は大きくなって全ての看板が似たような表現に収斂していく。看板の数を減らそうにも個々の温泉宿や牧場にとっては看板を自分だけ下ろすメリットは無いので結局看板の数は減らない。結果として風景そのものは破壊されてしまい、全体としての集客力は大きく毀損してむしろ看板を出す前より客足は落ちてしまう。

これが温泉街のジレンマだ。

このジレンマは広告およびその手法の持っている合理性が内在させている矛盾点をあらわにしている。日本の広告も、温泉街のジレンマと同じ状況に陥っている可能性があるのではないか。

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